Jeep is a brand of American automobiles that is a division of FCA US LLC formerly Chrysler Group, LLCa wholly owned subsidiary of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles. The division is headquartered in Toledo, Ohio.

Jeep Wrangler TJ

Jeep's current product range consists solely of sport utility vehicles and off-road vehiclesbut has also included pickup trucks in the past. The original Jeep was the prototype Bantam BRC. Willys MB Jeeps went into production in [1] specifically for the military, arguably making them the oldest four-wheel drive mass-production vehicles now known as SUVs.

The term became common worldwide in the wake of the war. The spartan, cramped, and unstintingly functional jeep became the ubiquitous World War II four-wheeled personification of Yankee ingenuity and cocky, can-do determination.

The first civilian models were produced in When it became obvious that the United States was eventually going to become involved in the war raging in Europe, the U. Army contacted companies asking for working prototypes of a four-wheel-drive reconnaissance car. Only two companies responded to the request: American Bantam Car Company and Willys-Overland.

The Army had set what seemed like an impossible deadline of 49 days to supply a working prototype. Willys asked for more time, but was refused. The bankrupt American Bantam Car Company had no engineering staff left on the payroll and solicited Karl Probsta talented freelance designer from Detroit. After turning down Bantam's initial request, Probst responded to an Army request and commenced work, initially without salary, on July 17, Probst laid out full plans for the Bantam prototype, known as the BRC or Bantam Reconnaissance Car, in just two days, working up a cost estimate the next.

Bantam's bid was submitted, complete with blueprints, on July The hand-built prototype was completed in Butler, Pennsylvania[10] and driven to Camp HolabirdMarylandfor Army testing September The vehicle met all the Army's criteria except engine torque. As World War II had already begun in Asia, with Japan expanding in China, Manchuria and Southeast Asia, the Imperial Japanese Army was using a small four-wheel-drive car for reconnaissance and troop movements, having introduced the Kurogane Type 95 in The Army felt that the Bantam company was too small to supply the number of vehicles it needed, so it supplied the Bantam design to Willys and Fordwho were encouraged to make their own changes and modifications.

The resulting Ford "Pygmy" and Willys "Quad" prototypes looked very similar to the Bantam BRC prototype, and Spicer supplied very similar four-wheel drivetrain components to all three manufacturers. Fifteen hundred of each of the three models Bantam BRC, Ford GP, and Willys MA were built and extensively field-tested. He was thus able to use the powerful but comparatively heavy Willys " Go Devil " engine, and win the initial production contract.

The Willys version of the car would become the standardized Jeep design, designated the model MB and was built at their plant in Toledo, Ohio. The familiar pressed-metal Jeep grille was actually a Ford design feature and incorporated in the final design by the Army.

Since the War Department required a large number of vehicles to be manufactured in a relatively short time, Willys-Overland granted the United States Government a non-exclusive license to allow another company to manufacture vehicles using Willys' specifications. The Army chose Ford as the second supplier, building Jeeps to the Willys' design.

Willys supplied Ford with a complete set of plans and specifications. American Bantam, the creators of the first Jeep, built approximately of them to the BRC design, but then spent the rest of the war building heavy-duty trailers for the Army. Many explanations of the origin of the word jeep have proven difficult to verify. The most widely held theory is that the military designation GP for Government Purposes or General Purpose was slurred into the word Jeep in the same way that the contemporary HMMWV for High-Mobility Multi-purpose Wheeled Vehicle has become known as the Humvee.

Joe Frazer, Willys-Overland President from toclaimed to have coined the word jeep by slurring the initials G. A more detailed view, popularized by R.

Lee Ermey on his television series Mail Calldisputes this "slurred GP" origin, saying that the vehicle was designed for specific duties, and was never referred to as "General Purpose" and it is highly unlikely that the average jeep-driving GI would have been familiar with this designation. Ermey suggests that soldiers at the time were so impressed with the new vehicles that they informally named it after Eugene the Jeepa character in the Thimble Theatre comic strip and cartoons created by E.

Segaras early as mid-March Eugene the Jeep was Popeye's "jungle pet" and was "small, able to move between dimensions and could solve seemingly impossible problems. The word jeephowever, was used as early as by US Army mechanics assigned to test new vehicles. Intractors which were supplied by Minneapolis Moline to the US Army were called jeeps.

A precursor of the Boeing B Flying Fortress was also referred to as the jeep. Words of the Fighting Forces by Clinton A. Sanders, a dictionary of military slang, published inin the library at The Pentagon gives this definition:. This definition is supported by the use of the term "jeep carrier" to refer to the Navy's small escort carriers. Early inWillys-Overland demonstrated the vehicle's off-road capability by having it drive up the steps of the United States Capitoldriven by Willys test driver Irving "Red" Haussman, who had recently heard soldiers at Fort Holabird calling it a "jeep.

Katharine Hillyer's article was published nationally on February 19,and included a picture of the vehicle with the caption:. Although the term was also military slang for vehicles that were untried or untested, this exposure caused all other jeep references to fade, leaving the 4x4 with the name. The original trademark brand-name application was filed in February by Willys-Overland.

There were subtle differences between the two. Willys also followed the Ford pattern by stamping its name into some body parts, but stopped this in Jeeps were used by every service of the U. An average of were supplied to every Army infantry regiment. Jeeps were used for many purposes, including cable laying, saw milling, as firefighting pumpers, field ambulances, tractors and, with suitable wheels, would even run on railway tracks. An amphibious jeep, the model GPA, or "seep" Sea Jeep was built for Ford in modest numbers but it could not be considered a huge success—it was neither a good off-road vehicle nor a good boat.

The Jeep has been widely imitated around the world, including in France by Delahaye and by Hotchkiss et Cie afterHotchkiss manufactured Jeeps under license from Willysand in Japan by Mitsubishi Motors and Toyota. The utilitarian good looks of the original Jeep have been hailed by industrial designers and museum curators alike. The Museum of Modern Art described the Jeep as a masterpiece of functionalist designand has periodically exhibited the Jeep as part of its collection.

Pocket Stove"the two most important pieces of noncombat equipment ever developed. Some ads claimed to offer "Jeeps still in the factory crate. The Jeepney is a unique type of taxi or bus created in the Philippines. The first Jeepneys were military-surplus MBs and GPWs, left behind in the war-ravaged country following World War II and Filipino independence.

Jeepneys were built from Jeeps by lengthening and widening the rear "tub" of the vehicle, allowing them to carry more passengers.

Over the years, Jeepneys have become the most ubiquitous symbol of the 60 sec binary options strategy key indicators Philippines, even as they have been decorated in more elaborate and flamboyant styles by their owners. Most Jeepneys today are scratch-built by local manufacturers, using different powertrains. Some are even constructed from stainless steel. In the United States military, the Jeep has been supplanted by a number of vehicles e.

Ford's M of which the latest is the Humvee. After World War II, Jeep began to experiment with new designs, including a model that could drive under water. On February 1,contract N8ss was approved for 1, units "especially adapted for general reconnaissance or command communications" and "constructed for short period underwater operation if done order forex as encountered in landing and fording operations.

InJeep developed the M 1. It had heavier full-floating axles and a foldable, vertical, flat windshield. Today, it serves other countries, and is still being produced by Kia under license. The CJ "Civilian Jeep" series began in with the CJ-2Afollowed by the CJ-3B in These early Jeeps investing in singapore stock market commonly referred to as "flatfenders" because their front fenders were flat across the front, the same as their military precedents, the Willys MB and identical Ford GPW models.

The CJ-4 exists only as a prototype, and is the "missing" link between the flat-fendered CJ-2A and CJ-3B and the round-fendered CJ-5 first introduced in The brand has gone through many owners, starting with Willyswhich produced the first Civilian Jeep CJ in As the only company that continually produced Jeep vehicles after the war, in June Willys-Overland was granted the privilege of owning the name "Jeep" as a registered trademark. American Motors Corporation AMC purchased Kaiser's money-losing Jeep operations in The utility vehicles complemented AMC's passenger car business by sharing components, achieving volume efficiencies, as well as capitalizing on Jeep's international and government markets.

The French automaker Renault began investing in AMC in However, bythe automobile markets had changed and even Renault itself was experiencing financial troubles.

At the same time, Chrysler Corporation wanted to capture the Jeep brand, as well as other assets of AMC. Chrysler bought out AMC inshortly after the Jeep CJ-7 was replaced with the AMC-designed 5 binary options implied volatility Wrangler or YJ. Chrysler merged with Daimler-Benz in to form DaimlerChrysler.

DaimlerChrysler eventually sold most of their interest in Chrysler to a private equity company in Chrysler and the Jeep division operated under Chrysler Group LLC, until December 15,when the name was changed to FCA US LLC.

Jeeps have been built under licence by various manufacturers around the world, including Mahindra in IndiaEBRO in Spain, and several in South America. Mitsubishi built more than 30 different Jeep models in Japan between and Most of them were based on the CJ-3B model of the original Willys-Kaiser design. Toledo, Ohio has been the headquarters of the Jeep brand since its inception, and the city has always been proud of this heritage.

Although no longer produced in the same Toledo Complex as the World War II originals, two streets in the vicinity of the old plant are named Willys Parkway and Jeep Parkway. The Jeep Wrangler and Jeep Cherokee are built in the city currently, in separate facilities, not far from the site of the original Willys-Overland plant. American Motors set up the first automobile-manufacturing joint venture in the People's Republic of China on January 15, Manufacture continued after Chrysler's buyout of AMC.

This joint venture is now part of DaimlerChrysler and DaimlerChrysler China Invest Corporation. The original XJ model was updated and called the "Jeep " toward the end of its production that ended after A division of FCA US LLCthe most recent successor company to the Jeep brand, now holds trademark status on the name "Jeep" and the distinctive 7-slot front grille design.

The original 9-slot grille associated with all World War II jeeps was designed by Ford for their GPW, and because it weighed less than the original "Slat Grille" of Willys an arrangement of flat barswas incorporated into the "standardized jeep" design.

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The history of the HMMWV Humvee has ties with Jeep. InJeep's Defense and Government Products Division was turned into AM General, a wholly nse bank nifty options subsidiary of American Motors Corporation, which also owned Jeep. Inwhile still owned by American Motors, AM General began the first steps toward designing the Humvee. AM General also continued manufacturing the two-wheel-drive DJ, which Jeep created in The General Motors Hummer and Chrysler Jeep have been waging battle in U.

Chrysler Jeep claims it has the exclusive rights to use the seven vertical stock market disadvantages since it is the sole remaining assignee of the various companies since Willys gave their postwar jeeps seven slots instead jeep tj 2001 - wrangler mopar parts catalog Ford's nine-slot design for the Jeep.

Jeep entered the Indian market directly on 30 August and released the Wrangler and Grand Cherokee in the country. Jeep advertising has always emphasized the vehicle's off-road capabilities.

These axles are known for their durability, strength, and articulation. New Wranglers come with a Dana 44 rear shark ea forex and a Dana 30 front differential. The upgraded Rubicon model of the JK Wrangler is equipped with electronically activated locking differentials, Dana 44 axles front and rear with 4. Another benefit of solid axle vehicles is they tend to be easier and cheaper to "lift" with aftermarket suspension systems.

This increases the distance between the axle and chassis of the vehicle. By increasing this distance, larger tires can be installed, which will increase the ground clearanceallowing it to traverse even larger and more difficult obstacles.

In addition to higher ground clearance, many owners aim to increase suspension articulation or "flex" to give their Jeeps greatly improved off-road capabilities. Good suspension articulation keeps all four wheels in contact with the ground and maintains traction. Useful features of the smaller Jeeps are their short wheelbases, narrow frames, and ample approachbreakoverand departure angles, allowing them to fit into places where full-size four-wheel drives have difficulty.

The Jeep brand currently produces five models, but 8 vehicles are under the brand name or use the Jeep logo:. Jeep is also a brand of apparel of outdoor lifestyle sold under license.

It is reported that there are between and 1, such outlets in China, vastly outnumbering the number of Jeep auto dealers in the country. In August Jeep signed a sponsorship deal with Greek football club AEK Athens F. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the US motor manufacturing company. For the original World War II Jeep, see Willys MB. For other uses, see Jeep disambiguation. Retrieved 24 February Retrieved 18 January Little, Brown Book Group.

Could we have won without it? Retrieved 31 July The first Land-Rover owed a lot to the Jeep. Designer Gordon Bashford, who laid out the basic concept, makes no secret of that. It was also his job to go off to an ex-WD surplus vehicle dump in the Cotswolds, buy a couple of roadworthy Jeeps Retrieved 23 February Retrieved 4 July Masters of Mass Production, pp. Retrieved 28 October The Joy of Jeep. Retrieved 3 July How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, pp. The Museum of Modern Art.

Cole, "Chairman Offers to Buy Coleman", The New York TimesPage D1, Feb. Archived from the original on A Case Study of Western Business in China. Fiat has fingers crossed". Retrieved 9 April Archived from the original on 13 October Archived from the original on 24 February Cars of American Motors: Retrieved 11 June Jeep blows into auto show with twin-Hemi Hurricane".

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