TVTropes is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available from thestaff tvtropes.

Random Tropes Random Media. Toggle Random Buttons Random Tropes Random Media. Display Options Show Spoilers Night Vision Sticky Header Wide Load. Community Showcase Explore More. Page Actions Watch Random Franchise.

Edit Page 1 Reviews Related Discussion History Close More To Do Page Source. You need to login to do this. Get Known if you don't have an account. Are you hearing the Fanfare just looking at this? If not, then you should. Action Figure File Card: Some of the s toys had them. Excluding the non canon legends material which had a lot of this, you'd probably have to wonder how seriously long it took for this galaxy to be so big.

Compare fantastical names like "Qui-Gon Jinn," "Beru" "Kylo Ren," and "Poe Dameron" to average Western names like "Jessika", "Luke," "Orson," "Owen," and "Finn. Over the two film trilogies nearly every variant prevalent in sci-fi is applied: The architecture of Coruscant and the fleet of Naboo are in Raygun Gothic style, featuring elongated buildings and Shiny-Looking Spaceships with sleek curved outlines. The Trade Federation and the Separatists go for the darker take on Raygun Gothic with vessels such as shark-like assault frigates and hover tanks, and droids mostly looking like arthropodsskeletons or zombiestanks walking on four legs or just evil-looking Killer Robots with red eyes.

The Grand Army of the Republic goes mostly from the sleek, modern style in Attack of the Clonesowing to a strong Kaminoan influence to the more blocky and rectangular one in Revenge of the Sith. However, the vehicles and ships still maintain a segmented, " trustworthy, built by humans like us " look and are colorful and friendly-looking. At the end of the movie the ships are repainted gray, becoming fully this trope.

The Galactic Empire maintains the interior sleek and shiny, while on the outside it retains the basic shape the ships had at the time at the Republic, only making it more streamlined and monolithiccomposed of basic geometric shapes: They also change the color scheme to dull gray, sinister black and bone-white. The Rebel Alliance mostly has worn-out equipment at their disposal.

A notable example are the Y-Wing bombers which are stripped of their plating and in much worse shape thanthey were at the time of the Clone Wars. The popularity of the series has led to many parodies and spoofsincluding: Laugh It Up, Fuzzball Lego Star Wars Old Republic Paint Adventures Spaceballs a parody by Mel Brooks Agony Beam: One of the most powerful abilities someone can gain from using the Dark Side of the Force is Force Lightning, a continuous lightning bolt used for extreme torture and painful executions.

The Rebels and their successor the Resistance sure love flying into extremely dangerous spaces to destroy anti-planet weapons: In A New HopeLuke and his wingmen dive into the Death Star's trench to fire proton torpedoes into the exhaust port, with the explanation for the tactic being that the port's shielded from above.

In The Empire Strikes Backthe Rebel's snow speeders lack the firepower to take down the Imperial AT-AT walkersso they opt for firing tow cables and flying circles around the walkers which are trying to shoot the speeders down, mind to trip the walkers.

In Return of the JediWedge in his X-Wing and Lando in the Millenium Falcon fly through ventilation ducts to reach the core of the Death Star II and destroy it. The Force Awakens uses a combination of the above two, with Poe flying through the trench of Starkiller Base with his wingmen and then flying into the weapon itself to destroy the oscillator and destabilize the weapon and the planet it's built into.

Rogue One has Blue Squadron diving through an opening in a planet's forcefield, in order to provide air support and reinforcements for Rogue One's commando raid on the Imperial data storage facility. The entire squadron is destroyed in the battle. Aliens Speaking English well, Basic: Many aliens speak their own languages, and it is not unusual to see multilingual conversations where a human speaks English and the alien speaks a different language. This is also why C-3PO is fluent in over six million forms of communication.

All According to Plan: Many bad guys throughout the series use this phrase, most notably the Emperor. Following their acquisition of the franchise, Disney declared that all Expanded Universe content released before April 25, is considered to be non-canonand all future material is considered to be canon with the movies and TV series.

But the old content will still be available, in effect falling into an alternative continuity known as Star Wars Legends. The Galactic Standard Calendar consists of a year being hour-days. Calendar eras used are BBY Before the Battle of Yavin and ABY After the Battle of Yavin since the Battle of Yavin marked a crucial turning point in the galaxy's history.

Revenge of the Sithfor example, took place in 19 BBY 19 years before the Battle of Yavin while Return of the Jedi took place 4ABY 4 years after. Always Save the Girl: Yeah, nice going there! A Master Makes Their Own Tools: Technology abounds everywhere, and yet the Jedi are asked to acquire all of the parts for and assemble their own lightsaber by hand from scavenged parts they find over their travels and are expected to have a personal connection with the crystal specifically.

Many appear in the various works, but Jar-Jar Binks is the most known and most visible example. An Arm and a Leg: Jedi and Sith frequently lose limbs in lightsaber combat due to their Absurdly Sharp Blade quality.

Also happens to various other characters for non-lightsaber related reasons. Ancient Ewok legend recalls them being visited by a "golden god", who is implied to be a protocol droid, and certainly not C3-PO. Arbitrarily employed with wanton abandon, yet seemingly at random. Things as small as camera drones and as large as entire cities float around and nobody seems to find it weird that, for example, there are floating landing platforms for spaceships which you need yet another repulsorlift-equipped vehicle to get to and from.

The Jedi Order is founded on the concept of apprenticeship, with students Padawan trained primarily by a single Jedi Master before taking on the rank of Jedi Knight, then going on to take an apprentice themselves.

The Sith use a variant: Though if the Expanded Universe is to be believed, there have been certain eras throughout Sith history where Sith apprenticeship mirrored that of the Jedi counterparts to an extent. Multiple masters trained apprentices, though the Sith ideology remained the same Arbitrarily Large Bank Account: Exactly how the Jedi Order is funded is a complete mystery.

Their temple on Coruscant was quite spectacular and they have lots of cool starships and other toys. Also, for some reason, nobody seems to question how the late Jedi Master Sifo-Dyas was supposedly able to order up an entire clone army and fleet of warships without anyone noticing some kind of budget appropriation. For that matter, the Empire itself.

Legions of stormtroopers, the largest warships seen in the galaxy up until that time, thousands of disposable TIE Fighters, orbital weapons platforms, and two moon-sized planet-killing space stations.

Skeptics in the New Republic doubt that the First Order is threat because they are supposedly nothing but a bunch of poorly-funded fanatics — who hollowed out a planet and turned it into a weapon whole orders of magnitude more powerful than the Death Stars!

Two of the most famous: Archaic Weapon for an Advanced Age: As noted by stunt coordinator Nick Gillard in a DVD featurette for Attack of the Clones"[the Jedi have] chosen a sword in a time of, you know, laser gunsso they'd better be damn good with it.

Anyone else who tries to use a lightsaber is more likely to dice himself into neat chunks. Basic TIE fighters have neither ejection seats nor shields.

Expanded Universe material somewhat justifies this in that the TIE is extremely cheap to manufacture, and the Empire is depending on their overwhelming numbers rather than their sturdiness.

Pilots are also relatively easy to come by in a galaxy this well-populated. Later versions modeled after Vader's TIE Advanced prototype did get shields, after the TIE corps sustained massive losses at the hands of shielded Rebel craft.

The First Order have rectified this as it appears their TIE Fighters are equipped with ejector seats. This can be inconvenient in space In the original trilogy but especially in the first film, even after Luke learns that the hermit "Old Ben Kenobi" is really the Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi, Luke continues to call him Ben.

An odd example as it's unclear where the name "Ben" comes from; it's certainly not likely to fool any Imperials who come knocking. The EU stated that he once used the disguise of Ben and liked it so much he kept using it. Aurebesh is a fictional alphabet used to transcribe "Galactic Basic," which is Star Wars 's equivalent to spoken English.

With how much Expanded Universe material is being written, we're well on our way to every single background character from the films getting names and thorough backstories. The winners for this are Wedge Antilles and Boba Fett. Although Return of the Jedi vaguely seems to imply that defeating the Emperor defeated the Empire see this article for why it wouldn't the both the non-canonical Star Wars Legends and the distant sequel The Force Awakens make it clear that the Empire left behind strong remnants that continued to wage war on the Alliance to Restore the Republic.

The asteroid chase from The Empire Strikes Back ; revisited in Attack of the Clones with the rings of Geonosis. In The Empire Strikes Backduring the snowspeeder battle on Hoth, Luke orders "Attack Pattern Delta" — which appears to be flying in a single file line.

Although if you keep watching, you'll notice that the four snowspeeders line up in a straight line, curve to the right as a group, and then split into pairs to take out two walkers.

Presumably the split is where they get the name "delta". The Star Wars Expanded Universe portrays "Attack Pattern Delta" in this context as referring to advancing in single file and then peeling off at the last minute, to present a smaller target to the AT-AT's relatively clumsy weapons. See the article on Wookieepedia.

The Expanded Universe has quite a collection of these. One of the Star Wars arcade games treats Attack Pattern Delta as an offensive action, where three snowspeeders concentrate their fire on a single point in an enemy's armor.

Repeatedly parodied, usually taking the form of "Attack Pattern Delta consists of flying straight at the enemy in the only direction they can actually shoot back". A society of warrior-sages who, as per Word of Godcan have all the sex they want so long as they don't get too attached.

Characters will frequently utter"I've got a bad feeling about this" right before a situation goes south. Luke says it before entering the Death Star, and Han Solo repeats it just before the walls of the trash compactor start to crush him. The Empire Strikes Back: As Leia and Han walk out into a dark meteor to investigate a loud noise, Leia mouths off the phrase just before an alien pest attacks her. Return of the Jedi: C3-PO says it just before he and R2-D2 walk into Jabba's Palace to be held captive.

An act later, Han Solo repeats it as the Ewoks carry him off to be burned alive. This is Obi-Wan's first line, as he hears the ship he and his master arrived on be destroyed by their hosts. Attack of the Clones: Anakin mentions the bad feeling he has as three giant monsters are released into the arena to eat him and his chained friends.

Revenge of the Sith: At the end of the opening dogfight scene, Obi-Wan repeats the phrase as he and Anakin fly into a spaceship as it's doors begin to close.

Han Solos gets another shot at the phrase when his Rathtars are released and begin to roar. K2-SO gets halfway through "this" before his friends tell him to shut up, on account of the fact that they're trying to sneak into an enemy base. They're very powerful, but they can still be destroyed by a less expensive fleet. It's outright stated that their purpose is psychological warfare; you can build a bigger fleet for the same cost, but nothing inspires the same amount of terror as a Super Star Destroyer showing up on your doorstep.

Regular Star Destroyers certainly make a strong impression, but they fall into being a warship version of Master of None. Part battleship, part fighter carrier, and part troop transport, they aren't a proper match for most ships that are dedicated to a specific area of focus. EU works explain that this is because conventional Imperial military thinking viewed Star Destroyers as mobile fortresses. They're overbuilt like they are because the intent was that they operate independently and police entire star systems singlehandedly.

As the Rebellion moved more into open combat against the Empire rather than an insurgency, the flaws in the Star Destroyer design became more apparent. Any planet-destroying superweapons may it be a Death Star or Starkiller Base definitely isn't worth the time and resources. While a superweapon can instantly wipe out an entire planet, the charge times for the main weapon is lethargic, the movement speed is slow, and the cost in manpower and supplies is expensive.

Even their psychological potential is considered ineffective as the destruction of Alderaan by the first Death Star only increased Rebellion support by inciting outrage instead of fear. The worst part is that a destroyed planet can't even be harvested for its resources, whereas a orbital bombardment or planetary occupation would avoid unnecessary collateral damage and ensure that the intact planet is still usable.

While deadly in the hands of a Jedi, to anyone who lacks a Jedi's discipline, training, and command of the Force, they're too difficult to use and dangerous to their user to make them practical. The Jedi use them precisely because of the great amount of skill needed to wield them effectively, it serves to heighten their discipline and control. The Sith like them because they're good at cutting things.

Though that really only applies to the prequels. Luke uses a lightsaber before being properly trained, and so do Finn and Rey. In the OT, they were just treated as a unique weapon of the Jedi and there was never any indication that the force was needed to wield one - it helped, but it wasn't required.

Doubly so for Maul's double-bladed lightsaber: Additionally, its defensive capabilities are nearly non-existent; since it can only barely block attacks from the sides, it leaves the user wide-open in the front.

The Jedi and Sith, and the Grand Army of the Republic, when they aren't being put through Imperial Stormtrooper Marksmanship Academy. Most large capital ships carry fighter squadrons as well as their own heavy armament. Star Destroyers and their counterparts, the Mon Calamari Cruisers, are the basic examples. Jedi can detect this. That badhuh? Master Obi-Wan, not victory.

Star Wars: Episode III - Revenge of the Sith () - IMDb

The shroud of the dark side has fallen. Begun, the Clone War has. You can understand that thing? Yeah, and "that thing" can understand youso watch it! The Rebel Alliance's emblem.

The prequels do this quite frequently If you transcribe each character for its Roman equivalent, it is just plain English. Some examples make sense in context such as the screen of Anakin's Naboo Starfighter in Phantom Menace but most are simply inside jokes made by the creators of the material. During the reign of the Galactic Empire, the Jedi were hunted down and driven to near-extinction by Imperial forces, their religion dwindling from universally recognized to often ridiculed as old superstition.

Emperor Palpatine and his right hand Darth Vader were members of the evil Sith order, the ancient enemies of the Jedi. About half the weapons in the movies, but the lightsabers and the Death Stars especially.

Amidala's regal outfits, which are so expensive Obi-Wan suggests bargaining with them to buy parts for her ship's hyperdrive. Luke and Leia flirting and kissing has traces of this when you find out they're really brother and sister.

In the expanded universe, it is strongly implied that Vader was planning to betray Palpatine, and that Palpatine was looking for a sufficiently talented replacement so that he could kill Vader off.

Many proper names are English or Latin lexical words. The Diathim from the moons of Iego are known as "angels" and Anakin describes them as "the most beautiful creatures in the universe" relaying stories he'd heard from spacers. In the Future, We Still Have Roombas: Several examples, including the little skittery mouse droid that Chewie growls at and the pit droids in The Phantom Menace.

Insignificant Little Blue Planet: All the stories are set "a long time ago, in a galaxy far far away". Planet Earth has never even been mentioned. The Force, to Muggles at least. Lightsabers and dodging skills can block all sorts of force powers, such as Force Lightning.

The moment someone starts a Force Chokethough, it's over. The scene where Vader has to choose between saving Luke or letting him die is a mirror of the scene with Mace in the Chancellor's office, and the consequences both large and small scale are also identical. Also, Anakin killing count Dooku is echoed in Luke's defeat of Darth Vader.

Severed limbs are a recurring theme, and most of them are symbolic on some level. It Sucks to Be the Chosen One: For both Anakin and Luke. I Will Tear Your Arms Off: According to Han, Wookiees have a tendency to do this when they lose at games. It's a Small World After All: Why does everything important in galactic history happen to such a small group of people?

It must be the will of The Force. It's Personal with the Dragon: In the original trilogy, Palpatine may have been the Big Bad all along, but was barely on screen for most of it and only referred to.

Star Wars: Episode III Revenge of the Sith | Wookieepedia | Fandom powered by Wikia

All the real emotional investment for Luke was with Vader. Obi-Wan and Yoda to Luke before leaving to face Vader. Also, Vader himself is this to Luke when he realizes how closely Anakin's history mirrors his own. In The Empire Strikes BackVader tells the Emperor that this will be the choice he will give Luke. Vader instead gives Luke a We Can Rule Together.

In Return of the JediThe Emperor makes the same offer to Luke. Especially useful since the standard architecture of the Star Wars galaxy features more Bottomless Pits and Floating Platforms than most video games. The characterizations of C-3PO, R2-D2, and Vader all rely on it.

The superpowered characters in this setting fight using lightsabers, small handles that generate a sustained laser about the size of a sword and the Trope Codifiers.

The laser cuts through nearly everything, deflects laser fire, and cauterizes wounds, so that lightsaber fights in the franchise involve very little blood. Good guys tend to wield blue and green sabers while villains get red ones, although purple, yellow, white, and black lightsabers aren't unheard of.

Almost every major character has one, including Vader the Imperial MarchLeia, Yoda, Jabba and Palpatine. Strangely, Luke doesn't have his own theme but the Force Theme is used for him, which also represents the Jedi in general. The Rebels have their own theme music too. Let No Crisis Go to Waste: In the prequel trilogy, Senator Palpatine uses fear of the Separatist movement to gain authority and establish an empire.

So many, we have an entire page listing them. Whilst the EU sports many of these kinds of characters, the most notable are the Jedi and Sith, seeing as they can boost their physical attributes to superhuman levels seeing as they're basically wielding swords in a laser gun time, they'd have to be this in order to survive.

Like Cannot Cut Like: Lightsabers are Laser Blades that can cut through almost any physical object, but can be stopped in their tracts upon contact with another lightsaber, which they can never cut through.

Loads and Loads of Characters: Even in the basic seven films alone, there are quite a lot of recurring characters. Locked Out of the Loop: This was standard policy with Luke and Leia Especially in the prequel trilogy. Star Wars could nominally be considered this trope, especially a planet like Coruscant, for example. HyperdriveThe Forcelevitating vehicleslaser weapons and lucasville trade days dates Magic A Is Magic A: The films largely limit force users to telekinesis, precognition, empathy, and ghosts.

The expanded universe, however, tends to make up New Powers as the Plot Demandsgiving us witches and voodoo and zombies and Magic by Any Other Name: The Force is probably nigerian stock market listings most famous example.

Jedi and Sith Holocrons cannot apparently be duplicated by regular technology alone and instead require the powers of a Force-user to operate.

Becoming a Fore Ghost: Ever notice how some of the Sith names take a sinister word starting with "in" and just chop the "in" off?

I don't think so!

The Star Wars prequels don’t deserve your hatred · For Our Consideration · The A.V. Club

Also, "vader" is Dutch for "father". And then there's Darth Maul It's not just the Sith. The smuggler who at first wants the war to leave him alone is named "Solo," Leia is Assyrian for "ruler," and the kid who wants to leave his hick planet and travel the galaxy is named "Skywalker. The franchise takes place over tens of thousands of years e. Knights of the Old Republic is set four thousand years before The Phantom Menace and yet there is little to no technological or cultural development in that time.

Endor and Dathomir are prominent examples, while they do contain incriments of high technology, fall far behind compared tot he rest of the galaxy. Tatooine somewhat fits into this trope, Justified being a very hot world. Also Justified with Dathomir, as they dont need it due to the awesome power of magicks. The series is now 3 for 3 in having a mentor archetype die towards the end of the first episode in a trilogy - Obi-Wan Kenobi in the original trilogy, Qui-Gon Jinn in the prequel trilogy, and Han Solo in the sequel trilogy.

The franchise may not have started that way, but it definitely ended up there.

There are about six different versions of the medical droid that works on Luke at the end of The Empire Strikes Back. There's a reason Mos Eisley attracts scum and villainy of all types.

The Metric System Is Here to Stay: Even with the ability to travel through hyperspace, the prospect of intergalactic travel is never considered, not even by the Emperor. The Jedi's responsible use of their suggestion and telepathy powers.

Some of the walkers, such as the AT-RT from Revenge of the Sith. The Death Star attack planning sessions in both A New Hope and Return of the Jedi are holographic versions of this trope. Technology and culture has been the same in the galaxy for over 10, years.

How to make money selling jewelry on etsy only thing that's changed are political boundaries and some forms of technology. Force ghosts are blue. Only applicable if you watch the films in chronological order: Revenge of the Sith is a stock lifters on aftermarket cam tragedy in which an already-tainted hero turns evil, kills children and is mutilated how much did star wars revenge of the sith cost to make his former best friend while A New Hope is a straight-up action adventure with wisecracking heroes.

Going from the former to the latter is a bit jarring. Even more so when one considers that The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi are nowhere near as campy. Mood Whiplasheven if you start with A New Hope and watch it in the order the gun stock for marlin 795 were produced. The Organas and the Larses for Leia and Luke respectively.

Muggles Do It Better: Despite the prominence of the Jedi, Sith and The Force in the story, it could easily be argued that ordinary people and advanced technology can get as much done as Force-users, especially if limited to the power levels from the films, as opposed to the Munchkin stuff from the How to make money selling jewelry on etsy Universe.

Luke and Anakin are touted as awesome pilots because of their Force powers, and they are. But so is Han who can navigate an Asteroid Thicket or Lando and Wedge who flew a high-speed chase through the inside of the second Death Star without any Force intuition to guide them.

Poe Dameron beats everyoneat one point destroying ten TIE fighters in a single pass! In Attack of the Clones a huge group of Jedi is taken completely by surprise and quickly slaughtered by profi chart bollinger bands kostenlos droids.

Also, Jango Fett is able to give Jedi Master Obi-Wan a real run for his money thanks to his armor and weapons. General Grievous, a cyborg, apparently killed quite a few Jedi using their own preferred weapon and fighting styles.

The Force is not a replacement for technology, even among its most powerful practitioners. Rather than TelepathyJedi and Sith alike rely on commlinks and the HoloNet sports arbitrage trading software communicate. In Attack of the Clones Obi-Wan plants a tracking device on Jango's ship so that he can follow it. In Return of the Jediwhen Leia goes missing Luke does not even try to use the Force to locate or communicate with her, instead insisting that they will need Artoo's scanners.

Palpatine clearly does not believe that his powers will allow him to maintain control of the galaxy, which is why he gathers a massive Standard Sci-Fi Fleet and orders the creation of the Death Stars. Also in Return of the Jediwhen you pause to consider it, the climatic battle between Force-users on the Death Star served little purpose beyond redeeming Vader.

It was the Rebel Alliance that actually brought down the shield, flew ships inside the Death Star and blew it up - an outcome that would have happened regardless of whether or not Luke had been successfully seduced to the Dark Side. This tends to be the result of Force Users constantly forgetting to use their powers against Non-Force Users and failing to use them very effectively when they do use them. In the original trilogy, there are only two Force-sensitive individuals among the younger generation: Luke Skywalker and his sister Leia.

But Obi-Wan chooses to send Luke to Yoda for training, and does not seem to consider the other. Yoda is mindful of the other option though, just in case Luke falls to the Dark Side or dies. The series has many elements to appeal to people of all ages, including action scenes, comic forexveda characters and some of the romantic storylines, plus some of the actor casting choices.

The climactic lightsaber duels in — coincidentally enough — all the odd-numbered movies. The Death Star, with the two-meter-wide chute straight to instant death and self-destruction. My Country, Right or Wrong: The Essential Guide To Warfare implies that the reason several of the citizens in The Empirewhile not liking its policies, remain sided with the Empire was because they feared that the Alliance to Restore the Republic was no different from the Separatists.

The Jedi Order uses lightsabers. The various incarnations of the Sith Order also use lightsabers, universally colored red. Both the heroic Jedi and the evil Sith wield the iconic lightsaber. A lightsaber can only be constructed precisely enough to function with the aid of The Force how much did star wars revenge of the sith cost to make, and in based global forex trading hands of a Force-user it's the ultimate personal weapon.

The core element is the focusing crystal ; Jedi usually use natural crystals of various kinds, producing a variety of different colors and blade forms, while Sith all use a kind of synthetic crystal made using The Dark Side that produces a red blade. Never Recycle Your Schemes: In three of the films, the central plot is to destroy whatever huge planet-destroying weapon the Empire australian securities exchange market capitalization cooked up.

The Empire is really bent on destroying big things. Nice Job Fixing It, Villain! At the end of Return of the Jedi Palpatine trading hours stockland shellharbour Luke, which drives Vader to intervene and kill Palpatine to save his son's life. Nice, Mean, and In-Between: From the original trilogy, Luke niceHan mean and Leia in-between. Noble Male, Roguish Male: Han is the Roguish Male and Luke the Noble Male.

In the prequel trilogy, Anakin is the Rogue and Obi-Wan is the Noble. No Body Left Behind: Obi-Wan and Yoda fade away when they die, leaving behind empty robes. Notably, Vader's body does not disappear. However, it's implied that while his body was in the funeral pyre, Vader learned from either Obi-Wan, Yoda, or Qui-Gon the latter who learned the trick years after his own death how to become one with the Force, so his burning body might have simply faded away during the funeral pyre instead of turning into ashes though a trailer for The Force Awakens implies that he managed to leave at least his helmet behind, similar to how Obi-Wan's robe didn't fade away with him when he was bisected.

This theory is supported when Anakin's Force ghost appears with those of Obi-Wan and Yoda. We've lost count of how many catwalks and platforms lack safety rails of any kind. Combined how to make money farming nz the fact that Bottomless Pits are the most popular feature alpari us 60 second binary options charts galactic architectural put call parity futures contracts this probably makes vertigo or poor balance life-threatening medical conditions in the galaxy.

The most famous composition from John Williams. Considering that John Williams has a career based around this trope and is one of the most famous film composers ever, that's saying a lot. Not So Omniscient After All: Despite a lot of boasting about their precognitive abilities, Jedi and Sith alike are quite prone to be as surprised as anyone else by events.

The Jedi never saw the Clone Wars coming, much less their own fate under Order Palpatine failed to foresee his own demise or the destruction of either Death Star. Not-So-Omniscient Council of Bickering: The Galactic Senate, both past and present. In the prequels they are paralyzed by infighting and the only thing they manage to accomplish is to voluntarily elect the Supreme Chancellor secretly a Sith Lord and leader of the Separatists as dictator. In The Force Awakens they are no better, actively shouting down anybody who tries to warn them about the threat of the First Order — until most of them are killed when their current capital gets obliterated by Starkiller Base.

In fact, arrow electronics stock market prices kind of considered to be westpac bank foreign currency exchange or at the very least repugnant. Luke and Vader, and by extension the Jedi and the Sith. Palpatine lectures Anakin about this. Off with His Head!

Several characters are decapitated in battle, notably Jango Fett, Dooku and the apparition of himself as Darth Vader that Luke fights in the cave on Dagobah. The lyrics to "Duel of the Fates" are actually in Sanskrit, but it fits this trope in spirit.

Many characters seem to understand a bewildering array of languages, although due to physiological differences they may not actually be able to speak all of them. Every film features a stockland christmas opening hours rockhampton space battle and at least one lightsaber duel, which is usually around a pit of some sort.

True beyond the films and into virtually every Expanded Universe work out there, someone will always say " I've got a bad feeling about this The Clone Wars where it comes up in several episodes.

Once Upon a Time: The opening card is this, just in its own words. As with any good space opera, Star Wars provides plenty of examples of this: Coruscant is a Capital, Bespin and Kessel are Mines, Endor houses a Superweapon, the First Death Star itself was a Superweapon, Genosis is a Factory world, Tatooine is a minor Underworld, and Yavin and Hoth were Strategic locations. Naboo was Blockaded for a while.

One Riot, One Ranger: How the Jedi knights tend to be deployed, often acting as singles or pairs usually a Master and his Padawan apprenticeat least in the Prequels. Justified in that they act as Ambadassadors for situations where force is not yet required, and that the russian trading system stock exchange rts authorities are more often than not willing to provide their own manpower to support them.

Starting from the end of Attack of the Clonesthe Jedi will often scout out the situation before calling in The Cavalry.

The one time the Jedi deployed as a large unsupported force, they got slaughtered before Yoda showed up with the Clone Troopers. All seven numbered films begin how to trade 100 to binary options youtube a yellow, upwards-scrolling text wall that explains the situation the galaxy is in during the events of the film.

They're all accompanied by the same bombastic theme that has become synonymous with the series. Anakin Skywalker has to choose between following the wise monk Obi-Wan Kenobi and the powerful Sith Lord Palpatine. Eventually, he chooses power over peace and turns to the Dark Side with Palpatine as his master. The Jedi Order, naturally. The Sith may count as an evil Order depending on how cooperative they're feeling at the moment; sometimes they're gathering in huge armies, sometimes there's only one or two of them working together.

One of the most famous examples - beginning with the Special Edition versions, the creator has made ever-more-extensive changes to each subsequent release of the films - even the Prequel Trilogy received notable changes when indian rupee saudi riyal exchange rate history on video.

The only time that the unaltered Original Trilogy was ever released on DVD, it was neither restored nor remastered in any way, and thus of extremely poor video and audio quality - every restored version has been altered. Our Doors Are Different: Indeed, they seem to vary in size, shape, and mechanism even within a given movie. Our Ghosts are Different: AT-ATs have thick armor impervious to the blasters on rebel fighters. However, due to their being very top-heavy, a simple harpoon and how to buy lloyds shares cable can bring them down with ease.

A feature of the universe is blue milk, which makes notable appearances in A New Hope and Rogue One. The Paragon Always Rebels: The Dark Side of The Force embodies passion—specifically rage, lust, and similarly selfish desires. But, this trope is subverted according to Lucas. Contrary to how some writers portray it, the Light Side does NOT embody stoicism and cold logic. Jedi can feel positive emotions like love, duty, honor, and joy, but must be careful not to let them overcome them and twist them into the darker emotions that lead to the Dark Side.

This only makes sense, as an order of protectors so superior as to somehow never go through the same feelings, motivations, temptations, etc. The B'Omar monks specialize in cutting out their most enlightened members' brains and putting them in these so that they escape the "distractions of the flesh.

Lightsabers can be effectively wielded only by Force-users, with very few exceptions. This is explained by the weapon's very counter-intuitive balance and preternatural quickness needed to wield it.

Only one such exception is in the film canon, General Grievous, and he's a cyborg, with his mechanical precision of movements preventing him from julienning himself with the energy blades.

The other film canon non-Force user who tries to handle a lightsaber, Han Solo, is wise enough to only use it as a tool cutting open a dead tauntaun.

Although true for the original six movies, this rule seems to have gone out the window in The Force Awakenssince Finn and Rey neither of whom are Jedi and only one of whom is Force-sensitive both use a lightsaber with no training.

Proton torpedos as well as the ion cannon from Empire Strikes Back. It's not exactly a deity, but it is treated as a semi-divine, mystical presence revered by an order of warrior monks. Anyone dismissing it as superstition had better hope they never meet Darth Vader. A Planet Named Zok: There are surprisingly little of these throughout the series, but there are a few. The infamous Death Star is a moon-sized superweapon which is the original source of the That's No Moon!

The Starkiller is an actual stock market crash of1929 housing an even more powerful superweapon. Averted with the planet of Naboo: Star Wars has mostly clean language, which is why its few moments of swearing are so special.

A New Hope has the following conversation between Han Solo and Obi-Wan Kenobi: Even if I could take off, I'd never get past the tractor beam. Sir, your tauntaun will freeze before you reach the first marker. Force sensitivity can run tommy gun stock for ruger 10 22 families but is essentially random.

Blasters and the turbo lasers. Certain aesthetic elements of the ships and various other technologies of the Prequel Trilogy fit this. Reality Has No Subtitles: Throughout the franchise, Chewbacca and R2-D2 are usually only comprehensible to their counterparts, Han Solo and C-3PO.

The Prequel Trilogy has several intentional call backs to the Original Trilogy in terms of character dynamics and events. They later master an ability to retain consciousness after death. Other general parallels, Jar Jar to Chewie as an odd alien from a Proud Warrior Race that owes another character a life debt. The closing ceremonies in Episodes I and IV, etc. The yellow eyes of the Sith, and Palpatine's epithelial deformity. The majority of the expanded universe after Forex trading bangla book purchased the franchise and introduced the sequel trilogy.

However, even before the Disney purchase retcons weren't uncommon in vast, old expanded universe, with new works often conflicting with and taking precedence over the older, established canon. Before the prequel trilogy, or even Return of the Jedimost of what we knew about characters' histories or life before the Empire came from books and the movie novelizations approved by George Lucas.

Luke and Leia were originally four years old when their mother died how to make money writing online ehow their teaching money ks1 lesson plans turned to the dark side and Anakin wasn't even aware that his wife ever pregnant.

Lightsabers originally enjoyed widespread use by the public, not just the Jedi Order. Darth Vader originally was said to have lost his hand, and nearly his life, during a brutal punishment by the emperor for the Death Star's destruction. Forex liverpool st the Hut was originally described as a shaggy, bipedal creature.

That members of the Jedi Order were prohibited from having long-term relationships, and especially from marrying, was not explicitly stated until Attack of the Clonesand many people, including Expanded Universe authors, had assumed that Jedi could marry and that there were entire Jedi families. Virtually every single line of Obi-Wan's first conversation with Luke in A New Hope would later be directly contradicted by the events depicted in the prequels.

This caused a lot of turmoil among fans because it made Obi-Wan look like he manipulated Luke. Roaring Rampage of Revenge: Anakin slaughters the whole Tusken tribe that tortured his mother to death in Attack of the Clones. The interrogator droid in A New Hopeand the device used on Han in Empire.

Ostensibly in the Prequel Trilogy with live-action actors sharing scenes with countless CGI characters. Downplayed with the re-released editions of the Classic Trilogy. Naboo has an elected eve online isk making guide free. Twi'lek, Cereans, Chevs, Zabrak, Khommites, etc.

Basically, any tank that looks more or less like a vehicle is crewed, but stuff that looks like giant mechanical spiders or big roller-wheel thingies are AI-controlled big honking droids. Saved for the Sequel: The Phantom Menace and Attack of the Clones both end with several plot points dangling to be picked up in the next installment.

Technically, even Revenge of the Sith ends with dangling plotlines Ancient Technology, City covered worlds, flying airships, holograms, etc, all dominate in the GFFA.

Sci-Fi Writers Have No Sense of Scale: Mostly to preserve the Rule of Cool in the visuals. Virtually all spaceships have windows as their primary external view. As a rule, most objects more than a few miles away are progressively harder to see. Yet even warship commanders stand perched by the windows at the front of their ship's bridges. Note that this is what makes the That's No Moon! Something with the mass of the Death Star should never have been able to maintain such a low geostationary orbit over Endor, and even if it could, the gravitational effects on the moon should have been enormous.

Likewise, the amount of energy required to completely consume something as massive as the Death Star should have burned the atmosphere right off of Endor when it exploded. But instead it all just miraculously dissipated a short distance beyond the Death Star's radius. Especially obvious in the prequels.

Most civilizations in this universe appear to discover flying transports before the wheel, based on how many floating carts are drawn by pack animals.

The Forceand how to build a lightsaber. In the original trilogy, the general folks of the galaxy are well aware of the war between The Empire and the rebel alliancebut not about the war between the last Jedi and Sith.

Most of their fights take place in closed quarters with little or no witnesses Darth Vader vs. Obi Wan, Darth Vader vs. Darth Sidiousand most of the people involved are unknown or shadowy people Obi Wan is an hermit, Yoda lives in a swamp, and the emperor never displayed his powers in public.

For the general public, Jedi ceased to be a thing at the end of the Clone Wars, a generation ago. Most Force-sensitives exhibit at least some degree of this. Anyone Force-sensitive can sense the presence of other Jedi, Sith, etc. The Force is this. Luke and Leia are revealed to be this in Return of the Jedi In the prequels and the various re-edits of the original trilogy, several characters were incorporated that were made entirely with imagery generated by computers with reference to actors using motion capture technology.

There are a few shout outs to the Oz books. Namely Princess Leia's hairbuns which are based on Princess Ozma's hair poppys and the Ewoks are based on the Teddy Bear tribe.

Jedi comes from jidaigekior samurai movies. Order 66 is a shout out to The Godfatherand the medal ceremony is very similar to Triumph of the Will. The attack on the Death Star in A New Hope is a Shout-Out to The Dam Busters. Additionally, look up The Hidden Fortress by Akira Kurosawa and read the first part of the plot.

If you don't get it, then substitute "peasants" with "droids". Every planet besides Naboo: Tatooine desert planetHoth arctic planetCoruscant urbanized planet.

The Death Star, the Imperial Star Destroyers. The clones, in some people's point of view, and droids. An intelligent, self-aware, disposable, engineered worker race who must be brain wiped every few months else they get uppity. Sliding Scale of Silliness vs. The main films both the original trilogy and the prequels are all extremely silly, though in The Empire Strikes Back it has been toned down a bit.

Expanded universe works, however, usually have a much more serious tone. The prequel trilogy provides an interesting variation on this; the galaxy was under imperial control in the original trilogy, but the prequel trilogy focuses on explaining the instability that led to such imperial control.

Due to the nature of the storyline, however, the feel of a society-on-edge episode still comes through.

This well-established genre-SF trope is overshadowed by the blasters, but present. The Jedi Temple, serving to train potential Jedi Knights. The Imperial Academy; it trains TIE Fighter pilots. Luke wished to go there the fact that Luke, who claims to hate the Empire, is planning to go there shows just how desperate he is to leave the desert world he grew up onand Biggs actually trained there then defected.

The Expanded Universe reveals that Han Solo also trained there. In the Expanded Universeonce the New Republic was set up, they had their version of the Academy. A New Hope was the Trope Codifier that influenced all subsequent designs to one extent or another. The basic designs of the most famous fighters are instantly recognizable to anyone with even a passing knowledge of pop culture.

Star Wars throws out the whole physics rulebook of how space travel actually works in favor of old school dogfighting and interstellar travel thats as casual as going on a Sunday drive. And those noises are very iconic in pop culture. While hardly the first being partly an homage to Flash Gordonit's certainly the first franchise thought of when the trope is invoked.

Once you get past the metaphysics, this is what the Jedi are for the Republic. Has certain Western elements to it, such as bounty hunters and outlaw bandits, sandwiched together with Swords And Sorcery see below Spanner in the Works: The Imperial officer who orders his compatriot to hold his fire as the escape pod passes simply because he believed there was no way to verify if a living being was inside the pod and, thus, whether the pod was launched by accident or by design.

Red lightsabers are Evil, Blue and Green are Good. Purple ones are apparently reserved for bad motherfuckers. A separate example is the colour of blaster and turbolaser weapons.

In the original trilogy, this trope was used in the space battle scenes where the Empire used green and the Rebels used red, an interesting reverse of the usual lightsabre colour branding but was not used in ground fights, where all bolts were red. The prequel trilogy on the other hand used it for ground battles as well, the Naboo using green, the Trade Federation using red and the Republic using blue confusing some Expanded Universe fans who were used to the games colouring ion-cannon fire blue.

A further example is in the Geonosis battle at the end of Attack of the Clones with the rockets: The series in general is an updated version of the old Buck Rogers serials. Standard Evil Empire Hierarchy Galactic Empire: Admiral Piett The Guard: Grand Moff Tarkin The Oddball: Boba Fett Confederation of Independent Systems: Count Dooku The General: General Grievous The Guard: Nute Gunray The Oddball: Jango Fett The Man Behind the Man: Darth Sidious The First Order The Emperor: Supreme Leader Snoke The Right Hand: General Armitage Hux The Guard: Captain Phasma The Oddball: FN, aka "Nines" Standard Sci-Fi Fleet: The Expanded Universe continues this trope, with any significant military power having at least one, sometimes more.

The trope is invoked in the movies, with the Decline and Fall of the Republic, Interregnum of the Galactic Empire, and with the Empire's end the Formation of the New Republic. Especially in the space battles in Revenge of the Sith and Return of the Jedibut present to some extent in many of the films. While many droids come in varieties more akin to the humanoid C3-PO, others look like the strange "trash bin on wheels" R2-D2, while still others have such surreal designs that it's difficult to compare them to any real life object.

The Prequel Trilogy focuses on how the evil Magic Knight from the original movies gained his powers, earned the trust of the heroic Jedi, and slaughtered his Jedi friends upon taking the name "Darth Vader. Han's successful attempts at hiding from Star Destroyers in The Empire Strikes Back. Somewhat realistic, as he simply turns off most of the power to the ship which makes it incredibly difficult to detect. Step into the Blinding Fight: Every film features the Wilhelm scream.

Sooner or later, every science fiction work makes at least one reference to Star Wars. An interesting inversion, since the first three films released were Star WarsThe Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi.

However, the prequels began including the chapter number from the Opening Crawlso you have titles like Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menaceand retroactively re-titling the original three films names like Star Wars Episode IV: For a while, Star Wars was even called just A New Hope. Now, it seems to be reverting again slowly, with the first chronological film just being referred to as Star Wars again, while the prequels are just being called The Phantom Menace and so on.

When the Jedi are not leading from the back, or a Frontline Generalthey engage in this type of mission. General Grievous also likes to do this against Jedi. Strong as They Need to Be: The powers granted by the Force can be rather vague and ambiguous in their use. Sometimes it can allow someone read a person's mind and other times people can lie straight to their face without them realizing it. Sometimes they can sense people who are planets away and other times people can hide from Force users in the same room as them.

It can allow Jedi and Sith to move around spaceships, but they still have to fight their opponents with lightsabers and blasters instead of just lobbing them into a wall. The HoloNet, which provides real-time voice and holographic video communications throughout most of the galaxy. It can also be used to locate users. Hence, in The Phantom Menace Qui-Gon warns the Naboo not to accept any transmissions when they are on the run from the Trade Federation.

Sudden Sequel Heel Syndrome: Anakin, from the perspective of anyone who watches the movies in internal chronological order. The Trope Codifieralong with Steven Spielberg 's Jaws.

The iconic scene in Empireafter which this was used in the prequel films as well. A lot of the Force powers. A common ability for Force users. The entire saga is basically a knightly adventure tale but In Spacesandwiched together with Space Western. Practitioners of the acrobatic Ataru combat form in the prequels, like Qui-Gon and Obi-Wan, complement their lightsaber technique with Force-powered kicks and telekinetic punches. Lightsabers have their own version of it in that they make electronic clashing noises when their blades contact.

Also, they create sparks when they carve through walls and floors. May or may not be the case with George Lucas' apparent obsession with having the two protagonist's hands chopped off. The Star Wars films all end with a dialogue-free, static shot: A New Hope and The Phantom Menace both end with the main characters standing on a raised platform in front of an audience, during a victory celebration; The Empire Strikes Back ends with the main characters gathered around a large window, looking out into space; Return of the Jedi features the main cast gathered around an Ewok campfire; Attack of the Clones closes with Padme and Anakin along with R2D2 and C3PO on a Naboo balcony being married; Revenge of the Sith closes with Uncle Owen and Aunt Beru, with baby Luke in their arms, Watching The Twin Sunset in a direct Shout-Out to an iconic tableau from the original film.

The Force Awakens ends with Rey finding Luke atop a mountain island and holding his old lightsaber out toward him as he looks back at her. The posters for A New Hope and Return of the Jedi. In the sequel trilogy, astromech droids have gone from "dustbins on legs" to a trackball-looking thing with an R2-unit's dome head, and the famously crappy holograms are now almost photoreal.

The TIE fighters, which were Armored Coffins with only a pair of blasters in the original trilogy; devoid of shielding or even basic life support in the name of agility and quick manufacture, now has both, with EMP cannons and proton torpedoes besides in a ship that's only bigger to accomodate a Guy in Back. Tell Me About My Father: Luke asks Obi-Wan about his father but is only given the facts From a Certain Point of View. Later, Luke's Calling the Old Man Out forces him to acknowledge this was wrong and tell the whole truth.

It is also implied, in A New Hopethat Luke's desire for knowledge about is father is a point of contention between Luke and his restrictive relatives. Plenty of examples throughout the series, but Motti's "this station is now the ultimate power in the universe" remark takes the cake; and Tarkin's " I think you overestimate their chances " must earn a close second.

After Lucas decided to label the second film "Episode V", the label "Episode IV: A New Hope" was retroactively added to the first film in its published screenplay and first home video release. As part of the marketing for the prequels they were referred to more often by episode number rather than the episode name. In fact many did not catch on to the name of Episode I being The Phantom Menace.

Episode III is an anomaly, where fans refer to it equally by both episode number and the name Revenge of the Sith. There Are No Therapists: Galactic medical science is pretty advanced — when it comes to purely physical ailments. But the vast majority of the plot is driven by characters with glaring psychological problems who seem to have no formal support mechanisms whatsoever. The closest that the old Jedi Order had was Yoda, who generally seems to have counseled troubled Jedi to become The Spock and not allow their emotions to get to them.

The Dark Side thrives thanks to this. Especially when you have telekinetic powers. Jabba tries to execute a Jedi Knight. Palpatine attempts to kill Vader's son right in front of him. Dooku taunts Anakin during their last fight, which only makes him madder and more aggressive. Greedo sits there monologuing about how much he's going to enjoy killing Han, giving him the opportunity—and indeed, the justification—to take out his own gun and blast him under the table before he can get off a single shot.

Training the Gift of Magic: Not everyone is "strong in the Force"; a Badass Normal like Han Solo could meditate on hokey ancient religions all he liked, but it would be no match for a good blaster at his side. Without training, most Force-sensitives can use their powers only unconsciously, rendering them lucky in ways subtle enough to only be identified through for example statistical analysis of gambling patterns, or enhance their reflexes in ways that render them not much different from a Badass Normal.

With training, they can do all the flashy quasi-magical Jedi tricks we see in the films, novels, video games, etc. The Ewok village on Endor and the Wookiees' dwellings on Kashyyyk. Does Leia like Luke or not? Lando also likes Leia, but it doesn't appear to be reciprocated.

Fanon puts them in It could be said that the whole purpose of the Genre Throwback is to celebrate tropes. The entire series is Trope Overdosed. Han gets to back up his Ace Pilot bravado by not only evading the attempts of several Imperial Star Destroyers to shoot him down, but also manages to lead the massive starships to collide with each other in their failed attempt to pursue him.

Han once again finds himself trying to escape Imperial pursuit, and this time elects to race into the nearest Asteroid Thicket. His only defense of the tactic is that the Imperial pilots would be crazy to try and follow him it turns out, they are that crazy, but lack his piloting skill, and the Imperial fighter pilots all die in the attempt.

Pretty much any speeder chase in the thick forests of Endor are made of this trope, with Imperial scout troopers racing full throttle to try and escape a Rebel strike team they've discovered, and later trying to pursue the Ewoks. Along the way speeders crash into trees, get clotheslined by ropes strung across the clearings, get lassoed by Ewoksor simply shot down. The Force AwakensRey flies the Falcon into the wreck of a Super Star Destroyer to evade TIE Fighters.

Rey is familiar with the wreck since she scavenges for parts there, whereas the TIE fighter pilots are just following her. She avoids being caught by utilizing this knowledge twice. Interestingly enough, it doesn't work, and the First Order pilots are still on her tail when they all come out of the other side of the wreck.

Turn Out Like His Father: Luke's adoptive parents and later his Jedi mentors fear this will happen. Two Lines, No Waiting: The second film in both trilogies is this. Both the original and prequel trilogies qualify, even though the latter was planned as a three-part story from the beginning. A New Hope is clearly written to stand on its own, as it ends on a happy note with Luke destroying the Death Star, but it left the door open for further sequels chronicling the war against the Empire and Luke's growth as a Jedi.

The Empire Strikes Back ends with a clear Sequel Hookwith Luke discovering Vader's identity and planning to rescue Han from Jabba. Two Roads Before You: Luke has to choose between staying on Dagobah and completing his training with Yoda, or going to rescue his friends on Cloud City. Tyrant Takes the Helm: Palpatine gradually does this throughout the prequels, culminating with him declaring himself Emperor in Revenge of the Sith.

Used in the early movies where CG would be used in the later ones. The alarmingly fast doors on the Death Star 1 are almost certainly undercranked. Arguably, the lightsabers could be said to use a kind of underlighting; the boundary between pre-CGI special effect scene composition and underlit animation can be blurry. Over the course of the movies.

Qui-Gon's original plan was for Anakin to bring balance to The Force. However, he ends up falling to the Dark Side and it seems that he won't. In Return of the Jedihowever, he does bring balance to the Force by ensuring that the last of the evil aspect of the Dark Side of the Force dies and subsequently burns with him; his son destroys the last vestiges of Vader by burning him on a funeral pyre according to Jedi customs and it's implied that Anakin's body simply faded away under a minute after the pyre was lit.

Not exactly a character, but the Millenium Falcon is an example; it's one of the most iconic spaceships in science fiction, but seen as an old piece of junk In-Universe. George Lucas has mentioned that there's an unshown framing story about how the movies are the story as told by R2 to an alien race, which is why he makes a point of including R2 in almost every significant event.

This might explain why he gets so many really cool scenes with no witnesses or only C-3PO pre-memory wipe, and why a suspiciously high number of crises turn on him hacking a computer. Unto Us a Son and Daughter Are Born: Luke and Leia in Revenge of the Sith.

The original trilogy was released to theaters again in for the 20th Anniversaryfeaturing a few new special effects, cleaning up a few perceived Special Effects Failuresadded some deleted scenes and tweaked some original scenes. The films were slightly tweaked once more for the DVD release and changed to better match the Prequels by replacing Boba Fett's voice with Jango Fett's, replacing Clive Revill as the Emperor with Ian MacDiarmid, and replacing Sebastian Shaw as Anakin's ghost with Hayden Christiansen.

The original Trilogy is the Trope Codifier. To quote the page: See Creepy Cleanlinessabove. Or more accurately, they tell the truth in a way that makes you believe a lie. Villain Takes an Interest: Emperor and Vader towards Luke, from Luke's POV. The Empire glorifies militarism. I'm looking for a great warrior. TVTROPES About TVTropes The Goals of TVTropes The Troping Code TVTropes Customs Tropes of Legend. Community Ask The Tropers Trope Launch Pad Trope Finder You Know That Show Live Blogs Reviews Forum.

Tropes HQ About Us Contact Us Advertising: